Amazon 2023

Shift Preferences

A self-initiated project to give Amazon Customer Service Associates a voice in their own scheduling — and a fairness system to make sure that voice actually matters.

Role Senior Product Designer
Platform AtoZ (Amazon internal)
Scope 0 → 1 feature
Shift Preferences

Scheduling is one of the biggest pain points for Amazon CS Associates globally. Shifts are assigned quarterly with little room for change — and often don't reflect the hours associates can actually work well.

I initiated this project after seeing scheduling consistently surface in satisfaction data. The idea: let associates submit preferences and feed them into the scheduling engine at assignment time. Leadership picked it up quickly, and I partnered with Product to build it into AtoZ — Amazon's internal scheduling tool.

400 Associates in Pilot (India)
+6.25% PFR Score Improvement
India + EU Regions Launched
PFR New Fairness Metric Introduced

Associates are hired to meet business demand — not necessarily to work the hours that fit their lives.

Amazon CS recruits based on when contact volume is highest. Schedules are assigned quarterly and largely fixed once set. Workarounds like shift swaps exist, but the core problem remains: associates have no input into the schedule they receive. This consistently ranked among the top drivers of dissatisfaction and attrition.

Existing workarounds put the burden on associates to fix a problem the system created. I wanted to address it upstream, at the point of assignment.

Global Complexity

Labour laws vary by country. Some associates have fixed shifts in their contracts. No single solution works everywhere.

Raised Expectations

Asking for preferences creates an implicit promise. If the shift doesn't change, disappointment is worse than never being asked.

Fairness at Scale

Preferences overlap heavily — most people want daytime. Someone has to get a less desirable slot. How do you make that fair?

No Existing Metric

There was no way to measure how well a shift matched someone's preferences. We needed to invent one.

Before designing anything, we ran a global survey across US, EU, and India to understand what associates actually wanted from their schedules.

01

It's not just the hours

Days of the week and break timing mattered just as much as start time.

02

Shift structure matters

Some preferred one long shift; others wanted two shorter shifts with a break — especially caregivers and long-commute associates.

03

86% prefer daytime

Preferred hours clustered heavily around local daytime — directly conflicting with peak demand. We couldn't give everyone what they wanted.

04

The bar is lower than expected

Associates said if even 1 out of 3 schedules reflected their preferences, they'd feel meaningfully better. This reframed what success looked like.

Survey results — distribution of preferred working hours across regions, with daytime clustering highlighted

The more detailed the preference input, the higher the expectation — and the higher the disappointment when it isn't met.

Early iterations

We explored ranked preferences (Preference 1, 2, 3 — fallbacks if the first can't be met), shift structure options (one long shift vs. two shorter shifts), and "block hours" where associates mark times they absolutely cannot work.

Early iteration — ranked preferences, shift type options, and block hours concepts

After testing with associates, the problem was clear: a long, detailed form set expectations the system couldn't meet. The more options they filled out, the more they expected to get exactly what they entered.

We scaled back to one preference set: preferred days, preferred hours, and shift type. Simple enough to set honest expectations. Specific enough to be meaningful.

One preference set, not many

Multiple ranked preferences implied a higher chance of fulfillment. One set kept expectations calibrated.

No "block hours"

Asking what they refuse to work felt like a commitment we couldn't honor. We focused on what they prefer.

Shift type as a preference

One long shift or two shorter shifts — a real need from research, without adding model complexity.

Transparent communication

Preferences are considered, not guaranteed. The UI needed to make that clear upfront.

Preference confirmation screen with expectation-setting copy

We wanted to be upfront and clear about what to expect, so associates don't feel they've been given a false promise.

When not everyone can get what they want, how do you make the outcome feel fair?

I worked with Product to design a scoring mechanism that feeds directly into the scheduling engine — making fairness something the system actively optimizes for.

PFR

Preference Fulfillment Rate

Measures overlap between assigned hours and preferred hours. 100 = complete match, 0 = no match. Scores accumulate across cycles.

PFR as a scheduling input

Associates with lower accumulated PFR scores get priority in the next cycle. Those who've consistently received unfavorable shifts move up the queue.

Fairness over time

No single cycle satisfies everyone. But over multiple cycles, the system balances out. The goal is equity across cycles, not perfection in any one.

Demand forecasting Operational constraints Labour laws & policies Finance inputs New hires & training status Associate schedule preferences Historical PFR score Schedule optimization engine

Built into AtoZ — the scheduling app associates already use — so there was no new tool to learn.

AtoZ home screen — entry point to shift preferences Schedule view — current shift assignment Preference selection — step 1 Preference selection — step 2
Preference selection — step 3 Save preferences confirmation Success state — preferences saved Error state — preference submission issue

Piloted in India with 400 associates. Results validated the core hypothesis.

PFR Score Improvement

84.2% → 89.4%

Compared schedules 6 months before and after adoption. Average PFR rose by 6.25% — a meaningful increase in schedule-to-preference alignment.

Associate Sentiment

29%

29% of pilot associates reported that Preference Based Shift Assignment helped them get more desired schedules.

Rollout

India + EU

Following a successful pilot, the feature launched to all associates in India and the EU, with further expansion planned.